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Haji Ali Dargah

Coordinates: 18°59′06″N 72°48′36″E / 18.985°N 72.81°E / 18.985; 72.81
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Haji Ali Dargah
The shrine of Haji Ali Shah Bukhari, in 2016
Religion
AffiliationSunni Islam
RiteSufism
Ecclesiastical or organizational statusMosque and dargah
OwnershipHaji Ali Dargah Trust
StatusActive shrine
Location
Locationnear Worli, Mumbai City district, Maharashtra
CountryIndia
Haji Ali Dargah is located in Mumbai
Haji Ali Dargah
Location of the dargah and mosque on an islet, 500 m (1,600 ft) off the coast from Worli, near Mumbai
Geographic coordinates18°59′06″N 72°48′36″E / 18.985°N 72.81°E / 18.985; 72.81
Architecture
TypeMosque architecture and Sufi mausoleum
StyleIndo-Islamic
Completed1431
Specifications
Direction of façadeWest
Dome(s)One
Minaret(s)One
Shrine(s)One
Website
hajialidargah.in

The Haji Ali Dargah is a Sufi mosque and dargah, and the monument of Pir Haji Ali Shah Bukhari, that is located on an islet off the coast of Worli in southern Mumbai, in the state of Maharashtra, India.

An exquisite example of Indo-Islamic architecture, associated with legends about doomed lovers, the dargah contains the tomb of Haji Ali Shah Bukhari. Bukhari was a Sufi saint and a wealthy merchant from Uzbekistan. Near the heart of the city proper, the dargah is one of the most recognisable landmarks of Mumbai.[1][2][3]

Background

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Tardeo as seen from the dargah

The Haji Ali Dargah was constructed in 1431[4] in memory of a wealthy Muslim merchant, Sayyed Pir Haji Ali Shah Bukhari, a member of the Chishti Order, who gave up all his worldly possessions before making a pilgrimage to Mecca. Hailing from Bukhara, in present-day Uzbekistan, Bukhari travelled around the world in the early to mid 15th century, and eventually settled in present-day Mumbai.[5]

According to legends[6] surrounding his life, once the saint saw a poor woman crying on the road, holding an empty vessel. He asked her what the problem was, she sobbed that her husband would thrash her as she stumbled and accidentally spilled the oil she was carrying. He asked her to take him to the spot where she spilt the oil. There, he jabbed a finger into the soil and the oil gushed out. The overjoyed woman filled up the vessel and went home.[7]

Later, Pir Haji Ali Shah Bukhari had a recurring and disturbing dream that he had injured Earth by his act. Full of remorse and grief from that day he started keeping unwell. Then with the permission of his mother, he traveled to India with his brother and finally reached the shore of Mumbai – near Worli or at some place opposite the present tomb. His brother went back to their native place. Pir Haji Ali Shah Bukhari sent a letter with him to their mother informing her that he was keeping good health and that he had decided to reside at that place permanently for the spread of Islam and that she should forgive him.[7]

Until his death he kept spreading knowledge about Islam to the people and his devotees would regularly visit him. Before his death he advised his followers that they should not bury him at any proper place or graveyard and should drop his shroud ('kafan') in the ocean such that it should be buried by the people where it is found.[7]

His wish was obeyed by his followers. That is why the Dargah Sharief is built at the very site where his Shroud came to rest in the middle of the sea where it perched on a small mound of rocks rising above the sea. The Tomb and Dargah Sharief were built in the years to come.[7]

Architecture

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Sunset over the dargah islet and the Arabian Sea
As seen from the Mahalaxmi area
The entrance to the dargah

The dargah is built on a tiny islet located 500 metres (1,600 ft) from the coast, in the Haji Ali Bay, in the vicinity of Worli.[8] The edifice is a brilliant specimen of the Indo-Islamic style of architecture. The islet is linked to the city precinct of Mahalakshmi by a narrow causeway, which is nearly one kilometre (zero point six two miles) long.

The whitewashed structure occupies an area of a marble courtyard contains the central shrine. The tomb within the mosque is covered by a brocaded red and green chaddar (tomb cover sheet). It is supported by an exquisite silver frame, supported by marble pillars. The main hall has marble pillars embellished with artistic mirror work: blue, green, yellow chips of glass arranged in kaleidoscopic patterns interspersed with Arabic patterns which spell the ninety-nine names of Allah. As per the Muslim traditions, separate praying rooms for female and male worshippers are provided.

Repair and renovation

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The dargah in 2006

As of 2009, the six-hundred-year-old[9] dargah structure was subject to constant erosion, due to saline winds and the impact of c. 80,000 visitors per week.[10] Extensive renovations were completed in 1960 and 1964,[11] and a structural upgrade of the dargah commenced in October 2008. The plans at that time were that the dargah will be beautified with first and second quality white marble, from Makrana, Rajasthan, the same place from where marble for the Taj Mahal was brought. In 2010, it was reported that the repair and structural work was envisaged to take 24 months, over two phases.[12] "Phase One" involved reconstruction of the mosque and minarets; while "Phase Two" involved renovation of the sanitarium building. Upon completion, it was expected that the holy shrine will have the feel of a taj, in Mumbai's brackish sea water.

Accessibility

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An aerial view of the causeway and dargah during low tide
The causeway, close to high tide

The dargah is accessible only during low tide. As the causeway is not bound by railings, when the causeway gets submerged during high tide it becomes inaccessible.[citation needed] During the high tide, the dargah seems completely isolated with no access. The walk on the causeway, with the sea on both sides, is a highlight of a trip to the shrine.

On Thursdays and Fridays, the shrine is a major pilgrimage site. Irrespective of faith and religion, people visit the dargah to get the blessings of the holy saint. Sometimes, especially on Fridays, various Sufi musicians perform a form of devotional music called Qawwali at the dargah.[citation needed]

'Haji Ali for all' movement

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The 'Haji Ali for all' is a feminist movement launched by Bharatiya Muslim Mahila Andolan[13] and Bhumata Brigade to secure equal 'right to pray', near sanctum sanctorum (or traditional patriarchal prohibited areas).[14] On 26 August 2016, the Bombay High Court ruled that women could enter the sanctum sanctorum.[15] Women were allowed to enter the shrine on 29 November 2016, lifting a ban imposed in June 2012.[16]

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Thomas, Amelia (2012). Goa & Mumbai (second ed.). Footscray, Victoria, Australia: Lonely Planet. pp. 87–88. ISBN 978-1-74179-778-7.
  2. ^ Parab, Kanika; Poddar, Mansi (30 January 2010). "World's Greatest City: 50 reasons Mumbai is No.1: 43. The floating mosque". CNN. Archived from the original on 7 October 2009. Retrieved 14 October 2011.
  3. ^ Lewis, Clara (11 February 2011). "dargah devotees against sea link landing". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 13 July 2013.
  4. ^ "Haji Ali dargah was built in 1431 » Haji Ali Dargah, Maryam Mosque in Mumbai". Hajiali.org. 10 December 2007. Archived from the original on 23 September 2012. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  5. ^ "The Sufi of Haji Ali Dargah". www.theculturetrip.com. May 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
  6. ^ "History of Pir Haji Ali Shah Bukhari (R.A.)". Haji Ali Dargah Trust. Archived from the original on 15 August 2015.
  7. ^ a b c d "History of Sayyed Pir Haji Shah Bukhari". www.hajialidargah.in. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
  8. ^ "Haji Ali Dargah Mumbai". TheMumbaiCity. 16 December 2011. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012.
  9. ^ Thomas, Shibu (25 July 2009). "Court dismisses plea challenging Haji Ali revamp". the Times of India. Archived from the original on 17 July 2013.
  10. ^ "About Mumbai: For the Tourist". Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport. Archived from the original on 13 February 2011.
  11. ^ "Siapa Sangka India Punya Masjid Suci di Tengah Laut" (in Indonesian). Detiktravel Inside. 1 July 2015. Archived from the original on 20 September 2015.
  12. ^ "Restoration of Haji Ali Dargah". Haji Ali Dargah Trust. Archived from the original on 4 June 2010.
  13. ^ "Scholars divided over allowing women in Haji Ali dargah". Hindustan Times. 21 October 2015.
  14. ^ Ashar, Hemal; Rebello, Maleeva (29 April 2016). "Haji Ali for all: Preeti, Deepti or Trupti... where is she?". www.mid-day.com. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
  15. ^ Saigal, Sonam (27 August 2016). "Women can enter Haji Ali sanctum, rules HC". The Hindu. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
  16. ^ "Women Re-Enter Mumbai's Haji Ali Dargah After 5 Years". Hindustan Times. 29 November 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2017.
  17. ^ Roshan, Hrithik; Bachchan, Jaya (2012). Rahman, A. R. (ed.). Piya Haji Ali Full Video - Fiza. Retrieved 27 January 2025 – via YouTube.
  18. ^ Basu, Anustup (14 March 2012). Bollywood in the Age of New Media. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-8676-6.
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